Tuesday, January 10, 2006
Additional reading:
Cory Casanave's paper on Data
Access
work on ontology for biological signal pathways
[126]
ß parallel discussion in
generative methodology bead thread
Discussion on informational invariance
[342], [343], [344], [345], [346], [347], [348]
Note from Dr Azamat Abdoullaev
Paul, Paul, Dick, and others,
Due to Paul's effort, who tried to collect the questing minds in conformity to each other, we are all here after the key features and patterns of reality at all its major levels, natural, mental, social, or informational. So the problems, issues, and subjects to be discussed seem asking for the unified approach or ''plan of attack'' so that neither perspective nor avenue will be missing or overlooked. It would be good if we first agree on general knowledge and reasoning framework.
Having such a framework of reasoning will make our discussions lucid and understandable and systematic as well.
As a starting model of such reasoning context, I suggest to take the largest universe of discourse, the world, W as consisting four types of entity variables:
1. Substance (the set of all possible substances) indicated by a substantial class variable (O);
2. State (the set of all possible states represented by class variable (S);
3. Change (the set of all possible changes of states) symbolized by class variable (C = SxS), the values are liable to restrictions imposed by causal, spatial, temporal relationships;
4. Relation (the set of all possible associations and links and constraints) constructed in the simplest binary case as the Cartesian product of the Entity Classes
R = (O, S, C, R) x (O, S, C, R).
Assuming the given world's constituents, we can formally define the knowledge and reasoning framework as the ontological structure
F = {W, U, S},
where the
· world W is the largest universe (of discourse),
· U the core system of ontological classes (entity dimensions), and
· S is the collection of all possible statements about the domain of interest.
Then if we discuss the matter of time reversal, it may become clear that by its nature the time as a temporal relation is derived from a generic relationship associating the change classes: Process Space = CxC; which covers the collection of all possible processes of changes and interactions among various systems. In other words, Time comes after (or because of) Process, and the time reversal represents the process reversibility. Instead of changing the order of temporal relationships, the world reverses the order of processes of changes (actions or influences) at the first place.
Since all fundamental interactions are causally reversible and all physical forces are effectively convertible to each other (as heat, electricity, magnetism, light, and gravity), the time reversal phenomenon in physics comes as a basic property of fundamental processes, making thus the laws of nature to be a time-reversal invariant. Then a whole domain of systems with their interactions can be represented as the general process operator
T: C (arrow) C, with the {many, one}-{many, one) transformation modes (or mappings ), increasing or decreasing the dynamic diversity, variety, or uncertainty (information) of the domain.
For example, the one-to-many transformation is when a system's change can lead to diverse changes of other systems. Accordingly, the types of processes may be as chain processes, converging processes or diverging processes.
For the whole natural world, there must be applied the many-to-many mappings which correspond to complex and dynamic networks of processes, physical, chemical, biological, mental, social, or informational (like complex Web processes). [For discrete quantities we can enter probability distributions P(C) describing the stochastic processes of change by means of a matrix of change probabilities marked by temporal symmetry].
The bottom line:
The scope of reversibility goes far beyond the field of physics. As a matter of fact, all the forces of nature [mechanical motions and forces, gravity, heat, magnetism, electricity, radiation, chemical force, and biological actions] are causally interrelated and mutually dependent, reversing the ways of actions.
Today all the news is coming from reverse science and engineering, as it is said, a dog's biting a man is not news event, the real news is quite reverse and unexpected, a man's biting a dog. And it looks hardly to find a knowledge domain or practical sphere where the most innovational and ground-breaking ideas and strategies don't involve the reversing of conventional, normal, or primary order of causality.
Regards, Azamat Abdoullaev